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ACL Treatment Options

Studies report that favorable outcomes can occur after both operative and nonoperative management with the use of progressive criterion-based rehabilitation. In some cases, pre-operative physical therapy (prehabilitation) in preparation for ACL reconstruction has helped patients avoid the need for surgery. Additionally, many studies support the inclusion of prehabilitation to improve knee function in preparation for surgery to increase pre and postoperative function.

Non-surgical conservative treatment options for ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) tears primarily aim to reduce pain, inflammation, and stabilize the knee joint. While surgery is often recommended for individuals with significant instability or specific activity requirements, conservative approaches can be considered, especially for less severe ACL tears. Here are some of the conservative treatment options:

The RICE protocol stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. Applying ice and compression can help reduce swelling and pain. Elevating the leg can also assist in swelling reduction. This is particularly important in the early days following initial ACL injury.

Initially, it’s crucial to rest the injured knee and avoid activities that place excessive stress on it. This may involve using crutches to reduce weight-bearing.

Patients may need to modify their activities and avoid high-impact or pivoting sports that could further strain the ACL.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to manage pain and inflammation.

A functional knee brace can provide additional support to the injured knee. It may help stabilize the joint and reduce the risk of further injury during activities. Some individuals may benefit from the use of functional braces during physical activities.

Physical therapy is a cornerstone of nonsurgical treatment for ACL tears. A physical therapist will design a rehabilitation program to strengthen the muscles around the knee joint, improve range of motion, and enhance stability. Exercises may include leg lifts, hamstring curls, and balance training.

Strengthening the muscles around the knee, especially the quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteal muscles can help provide better support to the joint.

Training to improve balance and proprioception can enhance joint stability and reduce the risk of reinjury.

Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to assess progress and determine if conservative management is effective.

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It’s important to note that the success of conservative treatment for ACL tears depends on the severity of the tear and the patient’s individual circumstances. Partial tears and low-demand patients may respond well to conservative management, while complete tears or those with a high activity level may ultimately require surgical intervention.

Contact HyperRegen Sports Medicine to schedule a consultation at our Toronto, Canada office to learn more.

At a Glance

Dr. Jas Chahal

  • Head of Orthopaedic Surgery, Women’s College Hospital
  • Team Physician Toronto FC and University of Toronto Varsity Blues
  • Associate Professor, University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Program
  • Has more than 100 peer-reviewed publications
  • Learn more

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